Anticoagulant medications work by inhibiting the body's ability to form blood clots. They do this by preventing the formation of clotting factors, which are proteins that help to form a clot. Additionally, anticoagulants can also inhibit the activity of enzymes that help to form clots. By preventing the formation of clots, anticoagulant medications can help to reduce the risk of stroke, deep vein thrombosis, and other conditions related to blood clotting.