Question

What is the similarity between viral hemorrhagic septicemia (VHS) and zombie deer disease?

Answer 1

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), a Flaviviridae pestivirus, is arguably one of the most widespread cattle pathogens worldwide. Each of its two genotypes has two biotypes, non- cytopathic (ncp) and cytopathic (cp). Only the ncp biotype of BVDV may establish persistent infection in the fetus when infecting a dam early in gestation, a time point which predates maturity of the adaptive immune system. Such fetuses may develop and be born healthy but remain infected for life. Due to this early initiation of fetal infection and to the expression of interferon antagonistic proteins, persistently infected (PI) animals remain immunotolerant to the infecting viral strain. Although only accounting for some 1% of all animals in regions where BVDV is endemic, PI animals ensure the viral persistence in the host population. These animals may, however, develop the fatal mucosal disease, which is characterized by widespread lesions in the gastrointestinal tract. Cp BVD virus, in addition to the persisting ncp biotype, can be isolated from such animals. The cp viruses are characterized by unrestrained genome replication, and their emergence from the persisting ncp ones is due to mutations that are unique in each virus analyzed. They include recombinations with host cell mRNA, gene translocations and duplications, and point mutations. Cytopathic BVD viruses fail to establish chains of infection and are unable to cause persistent infection. Hence, these viruses illustrate a case of "viral emergence to extinction"

Answer 2

^{The similarities between VHS and zombie deer disease are that both are caused by viruses and both are highly infectious.}

^{Zombie deer disease is caused by a virus that infects deer and causes them to become zombie-like, leading to an outbreak of the disease. VHS is also caused by a virus, and can lead to bleeding in the brain.}

Answer 3

Both Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (VHS) and Zombie Deer Disease (CWD) are diseases that affect animals, with VHS affecting fish and CWD affecting deer, elk, and moose. Both can cause severe illness and have the potential to spread rapidly.

Answer 4

There is a high similarity between VHS and zombie deer disease. VHS is a condition where the body goes through the coordinate death process after being injured, and the condition is often caused by a virus. Zombie deer disease is a condition where deer die of natural causes, and the cause is often a virus.