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Why is the sky blue and the reason a cloud is white

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The Short Answer: Gases and particles in Earth's atmosphere scatter sunlight in all directions. Blue light is scattered more than other colors because it travels as shorter, smaller waves. This is why we see a blue sky most of the time.
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There is a phenomenon called 'Scattering' which is responsible for the colour of the sky. When sunlight passes through the air the blue light scatters more than any other colour but cloud show white colour, it is because the sunlight is scattered by millions of water droplets. These droplets scatter all colours equally which means sunlight continues to remain white that's why cloud looks white.
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Blue light collides with the gas molecules, pollen particles, dust etc. Present in the atmosphere. And because of this he stays in the air for a long time. Due to this dispersed light, we see the sky blue.
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Infact sky is black. It appears blue due to scattering of light by the air molecules .

According to Rayleigh criteria of scattering if wavelength of light is comparable to size of object ie air molecules then scattering is possible.

Since blue colour has least wavelength as compared to other so it is scattered most so sky appear blue. 
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The sky appears to be blue due to the scattering phenomenon. The blue colour of rainbow is seen has scattered has sky and clouds has white.
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When white light is passing through the sky, the small air molecules present in the sky hit the white light which causes scattering of light .It is also known as Rayleigh scattering. The wavelength of light decrease as scattering of light increases. The light with shortest wavelength is Blue light. So, it is scattered more then any other light. Hence, sky appears blue during the day.
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The sky appears blue to the human eye because it is the short waves of blue light are scattered more that the other colors in the spectrum thus making the blue light more visible.
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Blue light is scattered in all directions by the tiny molecules of air in Earth's atmosphere. Blue is scattered more than other colors because it travels as shorter, smaller waves. This is why we see a blue sky most of the time.
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The color of the sky is blue due to Rayleigh scaterring, where shorter wavelength like blue are scatteres by air molecules. Clouds appear white because water droplets scatter all visinle light waves which results in a white appearance. 
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The blue color of the sky during the day is a result of a phenomenon known as Rayleigh scattering. Here's how it works:

1. **Sunlight Composition:** Sunlight is made up of various colors of light, including red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. These colors are all part of the visible light spectrum.

2. **Scattering of Light:** When sunlight enters the Earth's atmosphere, it encounters molecules and particles in the air. These tiny particles, which include nitrogen and oxygen molecules, scatter the sunlight in all directions.

3. **Blue Light Scattering:** Blue light is scattered more than the other colors because it consists of shorter, smaller waves. This scattering of blue light in all directions gives the sky its blue appearance.

4. **Our Perception:** When we look up at the sky, we see the scattered blue light coming from all parts of the sky, making it appear predominantly blue to our eyes.

So, the sky appears blue during the day because of the scattering of sunlight by the atmosphere, with blue light being scattered more effectively due to its shorter wavelength.
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