The principle of a fire alarm is to detect the presence of smoke, heat, or flames, and then signal an alarm to alert people in the vicinity of a potential fire. The basic components of a fire alarm system include detectors, alarms, and a control panel.
Detectors: Fire detectors are devices that sense the presence of smoke, heat, or flames. There are different types of detectors, including ionization detectors, photoelectric detectors, and heat detectors, and they can be installed in various locations depending on the specific needs of the building.
Alarms: When a detector senses a potential fire, it sends a signal to the alarm system, which triggers an audible or visual alert to notify people in the area of the potential danger. Alarms can be loud horns or sirens, flashing lights, or a combination of both.
Control Panel: The control panel is the "brain" of the fire alarm system. It receives signals from the detectors and triggers the alarms. It can also perform other functions, such as automatically contacting emergency services or shutting down HVAC systems to prevent the spread of smoke.
Overall, the principle of a fire alarm is to provide an early warning of a potential fire, allowing people to evacuate the building safely and quickly, and minimizing damage to property