Animals migrate over long distances by using a variety of navigational cues. They often rely on celestial cues such as the position of the sun and stars, as well as magnetic fields and visual landmarks. Some species also use their sense of smell or echolocation to navigate. Additionally, animals may have a genetically programmed "map" that allows them to follow the same migration paths year after year. During their journey, animals may alternate between flying, swimming, or walking, depending on their species and the environmental conditions they encounter. Overall, successful migration requires a combination of innate abilities and experience accrued over generations.