Charles Darwin's theory of evolution revolutionized our understanding of biology by proposing that species evolve over time through a process of natural selection. This concept challenged previous beliefs about the origins and diversity of life on Earth. Darwin's theory provided a unifying framework for explaining the diversity of life forms and their adaptations to different environments. It highlighted the interconnectedness of all living organisms and their common ancestry. Additionally, Darwin's work spurred further research and discoveries in genetics, paleontology, ecology, and other fields, leading to significant advancements in our understanding of biological processes and the mechanisms driving evolution.