No, stress does not cause diabetes, but it can trigger things that cause diabetes (such as anxiety. That might make an individual eat more sweets for example.).
If you already have diabetes or are prone to it stress can make it worse, not directly causing it but improve your chances of having it.
Also, some diabetes type 2 cases are genetically related só even if you are stress-free or not a big fan of sweets you will have it. Some People are even born with diabetes.