Mikhail Gorbachev became the leader of the Soviet Union on March 11, 1985. He assumed the position of General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, succeeding Konstantin Chernenko. Gorbachev's leadership marked a period of significant political and economic reforms, including policies such as perestroika (restructuring) and glasnost (openness), which had far-reaching implications for the Soviet Union and contributed to the end of the Cold War.