DNA is a molecule containing genetic instructions for the development, growth, and reproduction of organisms. Its structure is a double helix of nucleotides (A, T, C, and G) that determine genetic information passed from one generation to the next. DNA replication duplicates genetic information before cell division. Protein synthesis expresses DNA information through mRNA transcription and translation into amino acid sequences. DNA can influence gene expression through modifications to itself or the proteins interacting with it. DNA is essential for passing on genetic information and providing instructions for all living organisms.