Extremely high and rapid inflation rates are often referred to as hyperinflation. Hyperinflation is typically characterized by a rapid and sustained increase in the general price level of goods and services, often exceeding several hundred or even thousands of percentage points per year. Hyperinflation can be caused by a variety of factors, such as excessive money creation, government budget deficits, and economic crises. Hyperinflation can have severe economic and social consequences, including the loss of confidence in a country's currency, a decline in economic output and employment, and social unrest.