In the wild, the lifespan of a Tasmanian devil is relatively short, typically ranging from 3 to 5 years. However, in captivity or under managed conservation programs, they may live longer, with some individuals reaching 8 to 10 years or more.
Several factors can influence the lifespan of Tasmanian devils, including predation, competition with conspecifics, disease, and the challenges they face in their natural environment. The primary threat to their population's survival in recent years has been Devil Facial Tumor Disease (DFTD), which has significantly reduced their numbers and life expectancy in the wild. Conservation efforts are being undertaken to combat the disease and preserve the species.