In California, the frequency at which a car needs a smog check depends on several factors, including the vehicle's model year, the type of vehicle, and the county in which it is registered. Here are the general guidelines:
1. Biennial Smog Check: Most vehicles in California require a smog check every two years. This includes gasoline-powered vehicles, hybrid vehicles, and alternative-fuel vehicles (such as electric and natural gas) that are six or more model years old.
2. Change of Ownership: When a vehicle changes ownership, regardless of the model year, a smog check is generally required, with a few exceptions. The new owner is responsible for obtaining a smog certificate within 90 days of the transfer date.
3. Initial Registration: When registering a vehicle for the first time in California, regardless of the model year, a smog check is typically required.
4. STAR Program: Some vehicles are part of the STAR Program, which is a more comprehensive emissions testing program. These vehicles may require more frequent smog checks, even if they are newer or have lower mileage.
It's important to note that these guidelines are subject to change, and there may be additional requirements or exemptions based on specific circumstances. It is recommended to check with the California DMV or BAR for the most up-to-date information regarding smog check requirements for your particular vehicle.