Living organisms adapt to their environment through a process known as natural selection, which is a mechanism of evolution. Natural selection works by favoring certain traits or characteristics that increase an organism's chances of survival and reproduction in a particular environment.
For example, imagine a population of birds that live in a forest with different types of seeds available for food. Some seeds are large and require a strong beak to crack open, while others are small and require a delicate beak to handle. Birds with beaks that are better suited for a particular type of seed will be more successful in obtaining food, and will therefore be more likely to survive and reproduce. Over time, the population of birds will evolve to have beaks that are better adapted to the types of seeds available in their environment.
Other factors that can contribute to adaptation include changes in behavior, physiology, and morphology. For instance, organisms may develop a new behavior to avoid predators or to better utilize available resources, or they may develop physiological changes to cope with extreme temperatures or other environmental stressors. Morphological changes, such as changes in body shape or the development of specialized structures, can also help organisms adapt to their environment.
Overall, adaptation is a dynamic process that allows living organisms to survive and thrive in a wide range of environments.