Petrology is the study of rocks and their formation, composition, texture, and properties. It focuses on understanding the physical and chemical processes that drive rock formation and how these processes affect the mineral and chemical composition, texture, and structure of rocks. Petrology can be approached from various perspectives, including geological, mineralogical, chemical, and physical. Depending on the perspective, petrology can involve the study of rocks at different scales, from microscopic mineral grains to large-scale rock formations. Petrology plays a vital role in understanding the geology of the Earth and other planets, the formation of mineral deposits, and the exploration of natural resources.