A scientist who studies weather and climate is called a meteorologist. Meteorologists specialize in the study of the Earth's atmosphere, including the processes that govern weather patterns, atmospheric conditions, and climate systems. They use various tools and techniques to observe, analyze, and predict weather and climate phenomena, such as temperature, precipitation, wind patterns, air pressure, and atmospheric composition. Meteorologists play a crucial role in weather forecasting, climate research, and providing information for various sectors like agriculture, aviation, and emergency preparedness.