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How can you tell if an earthworm is male or female?

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It is generally difficult to tell the gender of an earthworm just by looking at it externally as they have both male and female reproductive organs. Earthworms are hermaphrodites, meaning they have both male and female sex organs. During mating, two earthworms will exchange sperm and both will lay eggs. However, some species have minor differences between males and females such as males being smaller and thinner than females or having more visible male pores on the underside of their bodies.
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DISTINGUISHING THE SEX OF EARTHWORM CAN BE CHALLENGING AS THEY ARE HERMAPHRODITES, MEANING THEY POSSESS BOTH MALE AND FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS. EACH EARTHWORM HAS BOTH MALE AND FEMALE STRUCTURES MAKING IT DIFFICULT TO DIFFERENTITATE BETWEEN SEXES.
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Earthworms are hermaphrodites, which means they have both male and female reproductive organs. However, it is difficult to distinguish the sexes visually, as the external anatomy of male and female earthworms is similar. To identify the sex of an earthworm, you need to examine its internal reproductive organs under a microscope.
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