The study of the movements of the planets is called **planetary astronomy**. It is a branch of astronomy that deals with the dynamics and evolution of planetary systems. Planetary astronomers study the orbits, rotations, and atmospheres of planets, as well as their moons and rings. They also study the formation and destruction of planets, and the processes that shape their surfaces.
Planetary astronomy is a relatively new field of study. In the past, astronomers were primarily interested in stars and galaxies. However, in recent decades, there has been a growing interest in planets, especially since the discovery of exoplanets (planets that orbit other stars).
Planetary astronomers use a variety of tools and techniques to study planets. They use telescopes to observe planets directly, and they also use spacecraft to fly by or orbit planets and collect data. Planetary astronomers also use computer models to simulate the behavior of planets and planetary systems.
Planetary astronomy is a rapidly growing field, and there are many exciting new discoveries being made all the time. For example, in recent years, planetary astronomers have discovered water on Mars, liquid methane lakes on Titan (Saturn's largest moon), and geysers on Europa (Jupiter's moon). Planetary astronomers have also discovered hundreds of exoplanets, including some that may be habitable.
The study of planetary movements is important for a number of reasons. It helps us to understand the formation and evolution of our own solar system, as well as the potential for life on other planets. Planetary astronomy also has applications in other areas, such as space exploration and climate science.