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What is the function of each gear in a car?

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The gears determine the amount of power available from the engine. First gear provides the most pulling power but the least potential for speed, whilst fifth gear which provides the least pulling power allows the greatest range of speed.
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Each gear in a car serves a specific purpose in the transmission system. The first gear is used for start-up and low-speed driving, providing high torque and power for quick acceleration. The higher gears, from second to sixth, progressively increase the speed while decreasing the engine RPM to improve fuel efficiency and maintain a steady speed.
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Each gear in a car serves a specific function:


  • 1st gear: Provides maximum torque and is used for starting the vehicle from a stationary position or climbing steep inclines.
  • 2nd gear: Offers moderate torque and is used for accelerating from low speeds or driving on uphill gradients.
  • 3rd gear: Balances torque and speed, suitable for normal city driving conditions.
  • 4th gear: Provides a good balance between fuel efficiency and performance, commonly used for highway driving at moderate speeds.
  • 5th gear: Also known as overdrive gear, it allows for higher speeds while maintaining fuel efficiency and lower engine RPM.
  • 6th gear: Found in cars with a 6-speed transmission, it is an additional overdrive gear for improved fuel efficiency during high-speed cruising.<3
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