The Joule is a unit of energy in the International System of Units (SI). It is named after the British physicist James Prescott Joule, who established the principle of conservation of energy. One Joule is defined as the amount of energy expended when a force of one Newton is applied over a distance of one meter. This unit is used to express various forms of energy including mechanical, electrical, thermal, and chemical energy. It is used in a wide range of scientific and everyday applications such as determining the amount of work done by a force, calculating the amount of heat generated by an electrical resistor, and measuring the energy content of foods and fuels. Other commonly used energy units include the calorie, British thermal unit (BTU), and electronvolts (eV).