Batavia was the colonial name for the capital city of Indonesia, Jakarta. The Dutch East India Company established the city in the early 17th century and it became the center of Dutch colonial rule in the region. The name Batavia was derived from the Latin name for the Netherlands, Batavia, and it remained the name of the city until Indonesia gained independence in 1949. Today, Jakarta is a bustling metropolis and the largest city in Indonesia with a population of over 10 million people.