Plants produce flowers to facilitate sexual reproduction by attracting pollinators, such as insects, birds, or mammals, to transfer pollen between male and female reproductive organs. This leads to the formation of seeds, which can grow into new plants. Flowers have evolved a wide range of colors, shapes, and scents to optimize their pollination efficiency and attract specific pollinators. Additionally, flowers can also have non-reproductive functions, such as attracting predators of herbivores or providing rewards to mutualistic partners.