A turbocharger is powered by the exhaust gases and uses a turbine to compress air and force it into the engine, while a supercharger uses the engine’s own power to drive a compressor to force air into the engine. Turbochargers are more efficient as they don’t require any power from the engine to function, but superchargers provide instant boost at low engine speeds, eliminating turbo lag. Ultimately, the choice between turbocharger and supercharger depends on the specific requirements of the vehicle and its intended use.