During the Rhodesian Bush War, which took place in the 1970s, Zimbabwe was still under British colonial rule and did not yet have an independent government. The war was fought between the Rhodesian government, led by Prime Minister Ian Smith, and various rebel groups, including the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) and the Zimbabwe People's Revolutionary Army (ZIPRA). Zimbabwe gained independence in 1980, and the first President of Zimbabwe was Canaan Banana, who served from 1980 to 1987.