Who was the President of China during the Opium Wars?
During the First Opium War (1839-1842) and the Second Opium War (1856-1860), which were conflicts between Western powers and China, there was no single President of China, as China was ruled by the Qing Dynasty at that time. The Qing Dynasty was a monarchical system with emperors as its rulers, rather than a presidential system.
The Opium Wars occurred during the reign of Emperor Daoguang (r. 1820-1850) for the First Opium War and Emperor Xianfeng (r. 1850-1861) for the Second Opium War. These conflicts were significant events in Chinese history and were characterized by tensions over trade, territorial issues, and the influence of Western powers in China.