There are several types of lightning arresters, also known as surge protectors or lightning protection systems. These devices are designed to protect electrical and electronic systems from the damaging effects of lightning strikes or power surges. Here are some common types of lightning arresters:
Rod or Franklin Arrester: This is the most common type of lightning arrester and consists of a metal rod or air terminal that is installed on top of a structure. It is designed to attract lightning strikes and safely conduct the electrical energy to the ground, protecting the structure and its electrical systems.
Surge Arrester: Surge arresters are installed within electrical systems to protect against voltage surges caused by lightning strikes or other sources. They can be installed at various points, such as electrical panels, distribution boards, or specific equipment. Surge arresters divert excess voltage to the ground and prevent it from reaching sensitive equipment.
Composite Polymer Arrester: These lightning arresters use a composite polymer material instead of traditional porcelain or glass insulators. They offer better energy dissipation and insulation properties, making them suitable for high-voltage applications.
Distribution Arrester: Distribution arresters are designed to protect electrical distribution systems, such as power lines and transformers, from lightning strikes and power surges. They are commonly used in utility applications to safeguard against voltage transients.
Station Class Arrester: Station class arresters are heavy-duty lightning protection devices used in high-voltage substations and power generation facilities. They can handle higher energy levels and provide enhanced protection for critical infrastructure.
Gas Discharge Tube (GDT) Arrester: GDT arresters are small, low-cost devices used to protect sensitive electronic equipment from voltage surges. They contain a gas-filled tube that ionizes when exposed to high voltage, creating a low-resistance path to divert excess energy.
Hybrid Arrester: Hybrid arresters combine the features of different arrester technologies, such as metal oxide varistors (MOV) and GDTs, to provide improved surge protection capabilities. They are commonly used in applications that require high energy handling capacity and reliable protection.