A first pressing of an album refers to the initial run of the album, before it is reissued or repressed. To determine if an album is a first pressing, you can look for the following characteristics:
Label and matrix information: The label of a first pressing will usually have the original artist and album information, as well as the record label and catalog number. The matrix information, which is the series of numbers and letters etched into the run-out grooves of a vinyl record, can also be used to identify a first pressing.
Cover and packaging: The cover and packaging of a first pressing will often be different from later pressings. For example, the cover art may be different, or the packaging may be made of different materials.
Release date: The release date of a first pressing will be the earliest release date of the album. Later pressings will have later release dates.
Rarity: First pressings are usually more rare than later pressings, so if you're looking for a first pressing, you may have to search for it more diligently.
Price: The price of a first pressing will usually be higher than later pressings, but it can also vary greatly depending on the album and the condition of the record.
It's important to keep in mind that determining if an album is a first pressing can be difficult, as reissues and repressings often have similar characteristics to the original pressings. However, by considering the above factors, you can get a general idea of whether or not an album is a first pressing.