Neville Chamberlain was the British Prime Minister at the outbreak of the Second World War. He held office from May 1937 to May 1940 and is primarily remembered for his policy of appeasement towards Nazi Germany. Chamberlain's approach aimed to avoid conflict by making concessions to Adolf Hitler's demands. However, as the war escalated, it became clear that appeasement was ineffective. Chamberlain was succeeded by Winston Churchill in 1940, who took a more resolute and determined stance against Nazi aggression.