Self-driving cars, also known as autonomous vehicles, use a combination of sensors, algorithms, and artificial intelligence to navigate roads without human input. The sensors include cameras, lidar, radar, and GPS, which work together to detect and map the car's surroundings, including other vehicles, pedestrians, and obstacles.
The car's onboard computer uses this information to determine the vehicle's location, calculate the best route to the destination, and control the car's movements, including steering, acceleration, and braking. The AI algorithms in the car's computer use machine learning to improve the car's performance and decision-making abilities over time.
Self-driving cars are also equipped with sophisticated safety systems, such as collision avoidance technology and fail-safe mechanisms, to ensure safe operation. These systems can detect potential hazards and take evasive action to avoid accidents.
Overall, self-driving cars have the potential to revolutionize transportation by reducing accidents, improving mobility for the elderly and disabled, and reducing congestion on the roads. However, significant technological and regulatory hurdles still need to be overcome before self-driving cars become a widespread reality.