The sun bear (Helarctos malayanus) primarily inhabits the dense tropical rainforests and lowland forests of Southeast Asia. Its habitat is characterized by the following features:
1. **Rainforests:** Sun bears are often found in the lush, equatorial rainforests of countries in Southeast Asia, including Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, and parts of other neighboring countries. These forests are typically rich in biodiversity and have a wide variety of plant and animal species.
2. **Lowland Forests:** Sun bears prefer lowland forests, but they can also be found in hilly or mountainous areas up to elevations of around 1,500 meters (4,921 feet). However, they are more commonly associated with lowland tropical forests.
3. **Dense Vegetation:** Sun bears are adapted to navigating through dense vegetation, which is why they have a small and agile build. They use their strong claws to climb trees and their keen sense of smell to locate food.
4. **Water Sources:** Access to freshwater is essential for sun bears, so they are often found in areas near rivers, streams, or other water sources, as they need to drink and may also forage for aquatic food.
5. **Caves and Tree Hollows:** Sun bears are known for their use of tree hollows and caves for shelter and resting. These provide them with protection from predators and the elements.
Sun bears are primarily arboreal, meaning they spend a significant amount of time in trees, and their forest habitat provides them with a range of food sources, including fruits, insects, and small vertebrates. Unfortunately, their natural habitat is under threat due to deforestation and habitat destruction, which poses a significant challenge to their survival. Conservation efforts are important to protect these bears and their unique rainforest homes.