Saiga antelopes (Saiga tatarica) are adapted to semi-arid and arid environments, and they have evolved to be relatively water-efficient compared to some other large mammals. While they do require water for survival, they can survive with lower water intake compared to many other ungulates in more water-rich habitats.
Saiga antelopes obtain some of their water from the vegetation they consume, which can be relatively succulent in their semi-arid habitats during certain seasons. They can also obtain moisture from dew and other sources. Additionally, their specialized nose, the proboscis, helps reduce water loss during respiration, making them more water-efficient.
However, during periods of extreme heat and drought, or in winter when water sources may be frozen or inaccessible, saiga antelopes still require access to water to meet their hydration needs. Access to water is crucial for them, especially during the breeding season and when females are nursing their young.
In areas where water is scarce, saiga antelopes may travel considerable distances to reach water sources. While they are adapted to arid environments, the availability of water remains an essential factor for their survival and well-being.