In 2020, Azerbaijan launched a military operation against Armenia and the disputed Nagorno-Karabakh region. During the conflict, Russia, which has a military alliance with Armenia, provided diplomatic and humanitarian support to Armenia but did not directly intervene militarily.
There are several reasons why Russia did not provide military assistance to Armenia during the conflict:
Geopolitical calculations: Russia maintains a delicate balance of relationships in the Caucasus region, where it has strategic interests. Russia has close ties with both Armenia and Azerbaijan, and it did not want to risk damaging its relationship with Azerbaijan by intervening militarily on behalf of Armenia.
Domestic politics: Russia's decision not to intervene militarily in Armenia was also influenced by its own domestic politics. Russian public opinion is divided on the issue of military involvement in foreign conflicts, and there was little enthusiasm among Russians for a military intervention in Armenia.
Military capabilities: While Russia has a strong military, it has limited resources to devote to every conflict in the region. Given the ongoing conflict in Syria and other global security challenges, Russia may have felt that it did not have the resources to commit to a full-scale military intervention in Armenia.
International pressure: Russia is also subject to international pressure, and there may have been diplomatic efforts to discourage Russia from intervening militarily in the conflict.
In summary, while Russia had committed to providing assistance to Armenia in the event of a conflict with Azerbaijan, there were several factors that prevented Russia from intervening militarily during the 2020 conflict