Midterm elections in the United States take place during the November of every even-numbered year, halfway between presidential elections. All 435 seats in the House of Representatives, 35 of the 100 seats in the Senate, and the seats of numerous state and local officials are up for election.
In order to be elected to a federal office, a candidate must win a majority of the votes cast in the election. The candidate with the most votes is declared the winner. In some cases, a run-off election may be held if no candidate wins a majority of the votes cast.
Voters usually cast their ballots for the candidate who best represents their views and interests. In some states, early voting is available prior to Election Day, allowing citizens to vote before the official election date.
The results of the midterm elections have the potential to change the balance of power in the U.S. Congress. Depending on the election results, one party may gain more seats in Congress, allowing them to pass legislation more easily.