Individual human rights are fundamental rights and freedoms to which every person is entitled simply by being a human being. These rights are considered universal and inalienable. They are protected and upheld by legal and ethical principles in democratic societies. While there is some variation in how these rights are articulated and protected in different countries, a widely recognized framework for individual human rights includes:
1. **Right to Life**: Every individual has the inherent right to life. This right encompasses the protection of an individual's life from harm, including extrajudicial executions, arbitrary killings, and acts of violence.
2. **Right to Liberty and Security**: All individuals have the right to be free and secure in their person. This includes protection against arbitrary detention, imprisonment, or torture.
3. **Freedom from Discrimination**: Everyone should be treated equally and without discrimination on the basis of factors such as race, color, sex, religion, national or social origin, disability, sexual orientation, or other status.
4. **Freedom of Thought, Conscience, and Religion**: This includes the freedom to have and to manifest one's religion or beliefs, either individually or in community with others, and in public or private.
5. **Freedom of Expression**: The right to freedom of expression includes freedom to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas of all kinds without interference.
6. **Right to Work and Education**: Every individual has the right to work and to access education. This includes the right to just and favorable conditions of work, and free and compulsory elementary education.
7. **Right to Privacy**: Everyone has the right to privacy. This encompasses protection from arbitrary interference with privacy, family, home, or correspondence.
8. **Right to an Adequate Standard of Living**: This includes the right to food, clothing, housing, and necessary social services, as well as the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age, or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond one's control.
9. **Right to Participate in Government**: The right to participate in the government of one's country, either directly or through freely chosen representatives, is a fundamental human right. This includes the right to vote in free and fair elections.
10. **Right to a Fair Trial**: Individuals have the right to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal when their rights and obligations are determined.
These are some of the core individual human rights that are recognized and protected by international agreements and in many national constitutions. It's important to note that these rights are interconnected, and respecting one often entails respecting others. The protection and promotion of these rights are considered essential for the dignity, well-being, and freedom of individuals in society.